You can get help with definitions at http://www.pcwebopedia.com. Use this site as a resource, not a crutch. Don't simply copy definitions, explain concepts in your own words.
1. What was the purpose of Babbage's Difference Engine? How did that purpose change with the Analytical Engine? What do we mean by the term universal machine? Why is it that the Analytical Engine is considered to be a universal machine but the Difference Engine is not?
2. Can you explain Alan Turing's conception of machine intelligence? What do you think he meant when he said "It's the logical pattern of the brain that counts, not the gray stuff it's made of."
3. What is the Turing Test? Do you think the Turing test is a sufficient test for machine intelligence? That is, if a machine passed the Turing test would you be willing to say that the machine is intelligent? What kinds of things would a machine have to be able to do to convince you that it was intelligent?
4. Two switching technologies were mentioned in the tape - telephone relays and vacuum tubes. Explain the features of these technologies. For example, how big is each, how fast can they switch states, how much do the cost relative to each other, etc. What are the important differences between these two technologies? What is the relationship between these technologies and Konrad Zuse's choice of the binary number system for his computer?
5. Briefly explain the contributions to computing of the following people:
6. Answer question 5 from page 32 of your text.
7. Answer question 10 from page 32 of your text.
8. Answer question 14 from page 33 of your text.
9. Answer question 15 from page 33 of your text
10. Answer question 16 from page 33 of your text.