Charles Robert Darwin was born in 1809 in Shrewsbury, England.  He was educated in medicine and theology at the University of Edinburgh and the University of Cambridge, respectively. In 1839 he married Emma Wedgewood and the Darwins had ten children.  Darwin was a naturalist who spent five years on the Beagle studying geology, fossils, and living organisms.  Upon his return, he published articles and books about his voyage and continued to research topics in zoology.  His work culminated in the publication of “On the Origin of Species” and the ideas therein form the central organizing principles of biology: that all organisms are related. 

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Darwin and his eldest son William Eramus Darwin, 1842